extinguish vs lift what difference

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what is difference between extinguish and lift

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin extinguo (“to put out (what is burning), quench, extinguish, deprive of life, destroy, abolish”), from ex (“out”) + stinguere (“to put out, quench, extinguish”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/

Verb

extinguish (third-person singular simple present extinguishes, present participle extinguishing, simple past and past participle extinguished)

  1. (transitive) to put out, as in fire; to end burning; to quench
  2. (transitive) to destroy or abolish something
    She extinguished all my hopes.
    They intended to extinguish the enemy by force of numbers
    • 1668 December 19, James Dalrymple, “Mr. Alexander Seaton contra Menzies” in The Deciſions of the Lords of Council & Seſſion I (Edinburgh, 1683), page 575
      The Pupil after his Pupillarity, had granted a Diſcharge to one of the Co-tutors, which did extinguiſh the whole Debt of that Co-tutor, and conſequently of all the reſt, they being all correi debendi, lyable by one individual Obligation, which cannot be Diſcharged as to one, and ſtand as to all the reſt.
  3. (transitive) to obscure or eclipse something
    The rays of the sun were extinguished by the thunder clouds.
    A beauty that extinguishes all others by comparison
  4. (transitive, psychology) to bring about the extinction of a conditioned reflex
    Many patients can extinguish their phobias after a few months of treatment.
  5. (transitive, literally) to hunt down (a species) to extinction
  6. (intransitive) To die out.

Synonyms

  • put out, quench, douse
  • See also Thesaurus:destroy

Related terms

  • distinguish
  • extinct
  • extinction
  • extinguisher
  • fire extinguisher

Translations

Further reading

  • extinguish in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
  • extinguish in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Pronunciation

  • enPR: lĭft, IPA(key): /lɪft/
  • Rhymes: -ɪft

Etymology 1

From Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz). Cognate with Danish and Norwegian Bokmål løfte (“to lift”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish lyfta (“to lift”), German lüften (“to air, lift”), Old English lyft (“air”). See above. 1851 for the noun sense “a mechanical device for vertical transport”.

(To steal): For this sense Cleasby suggests perhaps a relation to the root of Gothic ???????????????????????????? (hliftus) “thief”, cognate with Latin cleptus and Greek κλέπτω (kléptō))

Verb

lift (third-person singular simple present lifts, present participle lifting, simple past lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift, past participle lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift or (obsolete) yleft)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To raise or rise.
    • c1490, Of Penance and Confession be master Jhon Yrlandː
      Liftand (lifting) thy hands and thy eyen to Heaven.
    • 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, The House Behind the Cedars, Chapter I,
      Their walk had continued not more than ten minutes when they crossed a creek by a wooden bridge and came to a row of mean houses standing flush with the street. At the door of one, an old black woman had stooped to lift a large basket, piled high with laundered clothes.
  2. (transitive, slang) To steal.
    • 1919, Rudyard Kipling, The Ballad of East and West
      Kamal is out with twenty men to raise the Border side,
      And he has lifted the Colonel’s mare that is the Colonel’s pride.
  3. (transitive, slang) To source directly without acknowledgement; to plagiarise.
  4. (transitive, slang) To arrest (a person).
    • 2000, Marie Smyth, Marie-Therese Fay, Personal Accounts From Northern Ireland’s Troubles
      Maybe the police lifted him and he’s in Castlereagh [Interrogation Centre] because he’d been lifted three or four times previously and took to Castlereagh. They used to come in and raid the house and take him away.
  5. (transitive) To remove (a ban, restriction, etc.).
  6. (transitive) To alleviate, to lighten (pressure, tension, stress, etc.)
  7. (transitive) to cause to move upwards.
  8. (informal, intransitive) To lift weights; to weight-lift.
  9. To try to raise something; to exert the strength for raising or bearing.
    • strained by lifting at a weight too heavy
  10. To elevate or improve in rank, condition, etc.; often with up.
    • The Roman virtues lift up mortal man.
    • being lifted up with pride
  11. (obsolete) To bear; to support.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Edmund Spenser to this entry?)
  12. To collect, as moneys due; to raise.
  13. (programming) To transform (a function) into a corresponding function in a different context.
  14. (finance) To buy a security or other asset previously offered for sale.
  15. (hunting, transitive) To take (hounds) off the existing scent and move them to another spot.
    • 1885, Lina Chaworth Musters, Book of Hunting Songs and Sport (page 144)
      I lifted the hounds (hoping to catch the leading ones there) to the far side of Hallaton Thorns.
Usage notes

Lift also has an obsolete form liftand for the present participle. The strong forms were common until the 17th century in writing and still survive in speech in a few rural dialects.

Hyponyms
  • airlift
Derived terms
  • airlifted
  • lift-off
  • lifting
Translations

References

  • The Dictionary of the Scots Language

Noun

lift (countable and uncountable, plural lifts)

  1. An act of lifting or raising.
  2. The act of transporting someone in a vehicle; a ride; a trip.
    He gave me a lift to the bus station.
  3. (Britain, Australia, New Zealand) Mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people between floors in a building; an elevator.
  4. An upward force, such as the force that keeps aircraft aloft.
  5. (measurement) The difference in elevation between the upper pool and lower pool of a waterway, separated by lock.
  6. (historical slang) A thief.
    • 1977, Gãmini Salgãdo, The Elizabethan Underworld, Folio Society 2006, page 32:
      The lift came into the shop dressed like a country gentleman, but was careful not to have a cloak about him, so that the tradesman could see he had no opportunity to conceal any goods about his person.
  7. (dance) The lifting of a dance partner into the air.
  8. Permanent construction with a built-in platform that is lifted vertically.
  9. An improvement in mood.
    • November 17 2012, BBC Sport: Arsenal 5-2 Tottenham [4]
      The dismissal of a player who left Arsenal for Manchester City before joining Tottenham gave the home players and fans a noticeable lift.
  10. The amount or weight to be lifted.
  11. The space or distance through which anything is lifted.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)
  12. A rise; a degree of elevation.
  13. A liftgate.
  14. (nautical) A rope leading from the masthead to the extremity of a yard below, and used for raising or supporting the end of the yard.
  15. (engineering) One of the steps of a cone pulley.
  16. (shoemaking) A layer of leather in the heel of a shoe.
  17. (horology) That portion of the vibration of a balance during which the impulse is given.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Saunier to this entry?)
Synonyms
  • (mechanical device) elevator (US)
  • (act of transporting) ride
  • (upward force) uplift
Derived terms
Translations
See also
  • escalator

Etymology 2

From Middle English lifte, luft, lefte (“air, sky, heaven”), from Old English lyft (“atmosphere, air”), from Proto-West Germanic *luftu, from Proto-Germanic *luftuz (“roof, sky, air”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”).

Cognate with Old High German luft (“air”) (German Luft), Dutch lucht (“air”), Old Norse lopt, loft (“upper room, sky, air”). More at loft.

Noun

lift (usually uncountable, plural lifts)

  1. (Britain dialectal, chiefly Scotland) Air.
  2. (Britain dialectal, chiefly Scotland) The sky; the heavens; firmament; atmosphere.
    • 1836, Joanna Baillie, Witchcraft, Act 1, p.13
      No, no, Leddy! the sun maun be up in the lift whan I venture to her den.
Synonyms
  • (gas or vapour breathed): air
  • (firmament, ethereal region surrounding the earth): atmosphere
  • (the heavens, sky): welkin

References

  • Douglas Harper (2001–2021), “lift”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Anagrams

  • ILTF, flit

Danish

Etymology

From English lift

Noun

lift n (singular definite liftet, plural indefinite lift)

  1. The non-commercial act of transporting someone in a vehicle: ride
  2. boost

Inflection

Noun

lift c (singular definite liften, plural indefinite lifte or lifter)

  1. carrycot
  2. elevator
  3. lift

Inflection

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lɪft/
  • Hyphenation: lift
  • Rhymes: -ɪft

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English lift.

Noun

lift m (plural liften, diminutive liftje n)

  1. A lift, an elevator.
  2. A free ride, a lift.
Derived terms
  • goederenlift
  • rolstoellift
  • skilift
  • stoeltjeslift
  • traplift
Related terms
  • liften
Descendants
  • → Papiamentu: left

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lift

  1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of liften
  2. imperative of liften

Estonian

Etymology

From English lift.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlift/

Noun

lift (genitive lifta, partitive lifta)

  1. lift, elevator

Declension

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from English lift.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈlift]
  • Hyphenation: lift
  • Rhymes: -ift

Noun

lift (plural liftek)

  1. lift, elevator

Declension

Synonyms

  • felvonó (dated)
  • páternoszter (a slow, continuously moving lift or elevator)

Derived terms

  • liftes
  • liftezik

(Compound words):

  • személyzeti lift (lift/elevator for staff)
  • beteglift (lift/elevator for patients in hospitals)
  • sílift
  • teherlift

Further reading

  • lift in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Indonesian

Etymology

From English lift, from Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈlɪf]
  • Hyphenation: lift

Noun

lift (plural lift-lift, first-person possessive liftku, second-person possessive liftmu, third-person possessive liftnya)

  1. lift, mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people between floors in a building; an elevator.

Compounds

Further reading

  • “lift” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

From English lift.

Noun

lift m (invariable)

  1. lift / elevator operator
  2. (tennis) topspin

Derived terms

  • liftare

Romanian

Etymology

From English lift, French lift.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lift/

Noun

lift n (plural lifturi)

  1. elevator, lift
    Synonym: ascensor
  2. (tennis, table tennis, volleyball) A stroke that gives the ball an upward trajection.

Derived terms

  • aerlift
  • lift spațial

Scots

Alternative forms

  • luft

Etymology

From Middle English lift, luft, from Old English lyft.

Noun

lift (plural lifts)

  1. sky, firmament
  2. (Middle Scots) air, atmosphere

References

  • “lift” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From English lift.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lîft/

Noun

lȉft m (Cyrillic spelling ли̏фт)

  1. lift, elevator

Declension

Synonyms

  • dȉzalo

Slovak

Etymology

From English lift.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlift/

Noun

lift m (genitive singular liftu, nominative plural lifty, genitive plural liftov, declension pattern of dub)

  1. (colloquial) an elevator, lift

Declension

Synonyms

  • výťah

Derived terms

  • liftový

Further reading

  • lift in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Uzbek

Etymology

From Russian лифт (lift), from English lift.

Noun

lift (plural liftlar)

  1. elevator, lift

Declension

Related terms

  • liftchi
  • liftyor

Volapük

Noun

lift (nominative plural lifts)

  1. elevator
  2. altitude adjustor

Declension


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