hard vs heavy what difference
what is difference between hard and heavy
English
Etymology
From Middle English hard, from Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognate with German hart, Swedish hård, Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús), Sanskrit क्रतु (krátu), Avestan ???????????????????? (xratu).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: häd, IPA(key): /hɑːd/
- (General American) enPR: härd, IPA(key): /hɑɹd/
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)d
Adjective
hard (comparative harder, superlative hardest)
- (of material or fluid) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty.
- Resistant to pressure.
- (of drink or drugs) Strong.
- (of a normally nonalcoholic drink) Containing alcohol.
- hard cider, hard lemonade, hard seltzer, hard soda
- (of water) High in dissolved chemical salts, especially those of calcium.
- (physics, of a ferromagnetic material) Having the capability of being a permanent magnet by being a material with high magnetic coercivity (compare soft).
- (photography, of light) Made up of parallel rays, producing clearly defined shadows.
- Resistant to pressure.
- (personal or social) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty.
- Difficult or requiring a lot of effort to do, understand, experience, or deal with.
- 1988, An Oracle, Edmund White
- Ray found it hard to imagine having accumulated so many mannerisms before the dawn of sex, of the sexual need to please, of the staginess sex encourages or the tightly capped wells of poisoned sexual desire the disappointed must stand guard over.
- 1988, An Oracle, Edmund White
- Demanding a lot of effort to endure.
- Severe, harsh, unfriendly, brutal.
- The senator asked the party chief to put the hard word on his potential rivals.
- 1730, Henry Fielding, Rape upon Rape, Act 4, Scene 7:
- Leave off fornicating; leave the girls to the boys, and stand to thy bottle; it is a virtue becoming our years; and don’t be too hard on a wild honest young rake.
- (dated) Difficult to resist or control; powerful.
- (military) Hardened; having unusually strong defences.
- a hard site
- Difficult or requiring a lot of effort to do, understand, experience, or deal with.
- Unquestionable, unequivocal.
- (of a road intersection) Having a comparatively larger or a ninety-degree angle.
- (slang, vulgar, of a male) Sexually aroused; having an erect penis.
- (bodybuilding) Having muscles that are tightened as a result of intense, regular exercise.
- (phonetics, not comparable)
- Plosive.
- Unvoiced
- Velarized or plain, rather than palatalized
- Plosive.
- (art) Having a severe property; presenting a barrier to enjoyment.
- Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures; formal; lacking grace of composition.
- Having disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in colour or shading.
- (not comparable)
- In a physical form, not digital.
- Using a manual or physical process, not by means of a software command.
- In a physical form, not digital.
- (politics) Far, extreme.
- hard right, hard left
- Of silk: not having had the natural gum boiled off.
Synonyms
- (resistant to pressure): resistant, solid, stony, see also Thesaurus:hard
- (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand): confusing, difficult, puzzling, tough, tricky
- (requiring a lot of effort to endure): difficult, intolerable, tough, unbearable
- (severe): harsh, hostile, severe, strict, tough, unfriendly
- (unquestionable): incontrovertible, indubitable, unambiguous, unequivocal, unquestionable
- (of drink): strong
- See also Thesaurus:difficult
Antonyms
- (resistant to pressure): soft
- (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand): easy, simple, straightforward, trite
- (requiring a lot of effort to endure): bearable, easy
- (severe): agreeable, amiable, approachable, friendly, nice, pleasant
- (unquestionable): controvertible, doubtful, ambiguous, equivocal, questionable
- (of drink):
- (low in alcohol): low-alcohol
- (non-alcoholic): alcohol-free, soft, non-alcoholic
- (of roads): soft
- (sexually aroused): soft, flaccid
- (phonetics, all senses): soft
Derived terms
Related terms
- hardpeer
- hardy
Descendants
- → Finnish: haarti
Translations
Adverb
hard (comparative harder, superlative hardest)
- (manner) With much force or effort.
- He hit the puck hard up the ice.
- They worked hard all week.
- At the intersection, bear hard left.
- The recession hit them especially hard.
- Think hard about your choices.
- prayed so hard for mercy from the prince
- c. 1610-11, William Shakespeare, The Tempest, Act III, Scene i[3]:
- […] My father / Is hard at study. Pray now, rest yourself;
- (manner) With difficulty.
- His degree was hard earned.
- (obsolete) So as to raise difficulties.
- (manner) Compactly.
- The lake had finally frozen hard.
- (now archaic) Near, close.
- […] whose house joined hard to the synagogue.
- 1999, George RR Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam 2011, page 418:
- It was another long day’s march before they glimpsed the towers of Harrenhal in the distance, hard beside the blue waters of the lake.
Derived terms
Translations
Noun
hard (countable and uncountable, plural hards)
- (countable, nautical) A firm or paved beach or slope convenient for hauling vessels out of the water.
- 1952, Edward John Barrington Douglas-Scott-Montagu Baron Montagu, Beaulieu, the Abbey, Palace House, and Buckler’s Hard (page 36)
- The Monastery’s ironworks at Sowley were renowned for centuries but declined with the passing of the ‘wooden walls’ at Buckler’s Hard — a great number of these ships having been built with timber from the Beaulieu Woods […]
- 1952, Edward John Barrington Douglas-Scott-Montagu Baron Montagu, Beaulieu, the Abbey, Palace House, and Buckler’s Hard (page 36)
- (countable, motorsports) A tyre whose compound is softer than superhards, and harder than mediums.
- (uncountable, drugs, slang) Crack cocaine.
- (uncountable, slang) Hard labor.
- The prisoners were sentenced to three years’ hard.
Anagrams
- Dhar
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɦɑrt/
- Hyphenation: hard
- Rhymes: -ɑrt
- Homophone: hart
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch hart, from Old Dutch hart, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz.
Adjective
hard (comparative harder, superlative hardst)
- hard, strong
- Antonym: zacht
- (economics, of a currency) strong, not easily devalued
- unquestionable, uncontestable
- heartless, unsympathetic (of a person)
- Antonym: zacht
- hard, difficult
- harsh, heavy
- hard, rich in calcium (of water)
- Antonym: zacht
- loud (of sound)
- Synonym: luid
- Antonym: zacht
- fast
- Antonyms: langzaam, traag
- Synonym: snel
Inflection
Derived terms
- keihard
- harden
- hardheid
- hardlopen
- hardroeien
- hardrijden
Descendants
- Jersey Dutch: hārd
- Negerhollands: hart
- Skepi Creole Dutch: hardt
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adverb
hard
- (speed) fast, swiftly
- very
- loudly
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
hard
- first-person singular present indicative of harden
- imperative of harden
French
Etymology
Borrowed from English hard.
Pronunciation
- (aspirated h) IPA(key): /aʁd/
Adjective
hard (plural hards)
- (of pornography) hardcore
Noun
hard m (plural hards)
- hardcore pornography
- hard rock
- 2004, Thomas Mansier, Identité du rock et presse spécialisée. Évolution d’une culture et de son discours critique dans les magazines français des années 90, page 98.
- 2014, Christian Eudeline, “Uriah Heep. Look At Yourself”, in Du hard rock au métal. Les 100 albums cultes, Gründ (publ.).
- 2004, Thomas Mansier, Identité du rock et presse spécialisée. Évolution d’une culture et de son discours critique dans les magazines français des années 90, page 98.
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [haːɾˠd̪ˠ]
Adjective
hard
- h-prothesized form of ard
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse harðr, from Proto-Germanic *harduz.
Adjective
hard (neuter singular hardt, definite singular and plural harde, comparative hardere, indefinite superlative hardest, definite superlative hardeste)
- hard (not soft)
- hard, stern, severe
- hardy
Derived terms
- beinhard
- hardhet
- hardkokt
- hardtslående
Related terms
- forherde
- herde
References
- “hard” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse harðr, from Proto-Germanic *harduz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hɑːr/, /hɑːɽ/ (example of pronunciation)
- Homophone: har
Adjective
hard (masculine and feminine hard, neuter hardt, definite singular and plural harde, comparative hardare, indefinite superlative hardast, definite superlative hardaste)
- hard
- hard, stern, severe
- hardy
Derived terms
- beinhard
- hardkokt
References
- “hard” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī).
Adjective
hard (comparative hardiro, superlative hardist)
- hard
Declension
Derived terms
- hardī
Descendants
- Low German: hard, hart (inflected hart-)
Spanish
Etymology
From English hard.
Adjective
hard (invariable)
- hard, heavy, hardcore
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English hevy, heviȝ, from Old English hefiġ, hefeġ, hæfiġ (“heavy; important, grave, severe, serious; oppressive, grievous; slow, dull”), from Proto-West Germanic *habīg (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Germanic *habīgaz (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to take, grasp, hold”).
Pronunciation
- enPR: hevʹi
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ˈhɛ.vi/
- (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈhe.vi/
- Rhymes: -ɛvi
Adjective
heavy (comparative heavier, superlative heaviest)
- (of a physical object) Having great weight.
- (of a topic) Serious, somber.
- Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive.
- The hand of the Lord was heavy upon them of Ashdod.
- 1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion
- Sent hither by my Husband to impart the heavy news.
- (Britain, slang, dated) Good.
- (dated, late 1960s, 1970s, US) Profound.
- (of a rate of flow) High, great.
- 1998, Stanley George Clayton, “”Menstruation” in Encyclopedia Britannica
- The ovarian response to gonadotropic hormones may be erratic at first, so that irregular or heavy bleeding sometimes occurs
- 1998, Stanley George Clayton, “”Menstruation” in Encyclopedia Britannica
- (slang) Armed.
- (music) Louder, more distorted.
- (of weather) Hot and humid.
- (of a person) Doing the specified activity more intensely than most other people.
- (of food) High in fat or protein; difficult to digest.
- Of great force, power, or intensity; deep or intense.
- 1918, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Land That Time Forgot Chapter IV
- The surf was not heavy, and there was no undertow, so we made shore easily, effecting an equally easy landing.
- 1918, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Land That Time Forgot Chapter IV
- Laden to a great extent.
- Laden with that which is weighty; encumbered; burdened; bowed down, either with an actual burden, or with grief, pain, disappointment, etc.
- 1613, William Browne, Britannia’s Pastorals
- Seating himselfe within a darkesome cave, / (Such places heavy Saturnists doe crave,) / Where yet the gladsome day was never seene […]
- 1613, William Browne, Britannia’s Pastorals
- Slow; sluggish; inactive; or lifeless, dull, inanimate, stupid.
- a heavy, dull, degenerate mind
- Neither [is] his ear heavy, that it cannot hear.
- Impeding motion; cloggy; clayey.
- a heavy road; a heavy soil
- Not raised or leavened.
- (of wines or spirits) Having much body or strength.
- (obsolete) With child; pregnant.
- (physics) Containing one or more isotopes that are heavier than the normal one.
- (petroleum) Having high viscosity.
Synonyms
- sweer/swear
Antonyms
- light
Derived terms
Pages starting with “heavy”.
Related terms
- heave
- heft
Translations
Adverb
heavy (comparative more heavy, superlative most heavy)
- In a heavy manner; weightily; heavily; gravely.
- heavy laden with their sins
- (colloquial, nonstandard) To a great degree; greatly.
- (India, colloquial) very
Derived terms
- hang heavy
- heavy-laden
Noun
heavy (plural heavies or heavys)
- A villain or bad guy; the one responsible for evil or aggressive acts.
- With his wrinkled, uneven face, the actor always seemed to play the heavy in films.
- (slang) A doorman, bouncer or bodyguard.
- A fight started outside the bar but the heavies came out and stopped it.
- (journalism, slang, chiefly in the plural) A newspaper of the quality press.
- 1973, Allen Hutt, The changing newspaper (page 151)
- The comment may be offered here that the ‘heavies’ have been the Design Award’s principal scorers, both in the overall bronze plaque days and, since, in the Daily/Sunday Class 1.
- 2006, Richard Keeble, The Newspapers Handbook
- Reviewers in the heavies aim to impress with the depth of their knowledge and appreciation.
- 1973, Allen Hutt, The changing newspaper (page 151)
- (Should we move, merge or split(+) this sense?) (aviation) A large multi-engined aircraft. (The term heavy normally follows the call-sign when used by air traffic controllers.)
Derived terms
- brain heavy
- dog heavy
Translations
Verb
heavy (third-person singular simple present heavies, present participle heavying, simple past and past participle heavied)
- (often with “up”) To make heavier. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- To sadden. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- (Australia, New Zealand, informal) To use power or wealth to exert influence on, e.g., governments or corporations; to pressure.
- The union was well known for the methods it used to heavy many businesses.
- 1985, Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives Weekly Hansard, Issue 11, Part 1, page 1570,
- […] the Prime Minister sought to evade the simple fact that he heavied Mr Reid to get rid of Dr Armstrong.
- 2001, Finola Moorhead, Darkness More Visible, Spinifex Press, Australia, page 557,
- But he is on the wrong horse, heavying me. My phone′s tapped. Well, he won′t find anything.
- 2005, David Clune, Ken Turner (editors), The Premiers of New South Wales, 1856-2005, Volume 3: 1901-2005, page 421,
- But the next two days of the Conference also produced some very visible lobbying for the succession and apparent heavying of contenders like Brereton, Anderson and Mulock – much of it caught on television.
Etymology 2
heave + -y
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhiːvi/
Adjective
heavy (comparative more heavy, superlative most heavy)
- Having the heaves.
- a heavy horse
See also
- heavy cake
References
- heavy at OneLook Dictionary Search
Anagrams
- Havey, Yahve
German
Etymology
From English heavy.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɛvi/
Adjective
heavy (not comparable)
- (predicative, colloquial, probably slightly dated) heavy; intense; serious; shocking (extraordinary, especially in a bad way)
- Synonyms: heftig, krass, nicht ohne, ein starkes Stück
Spanish
Etymology
From English heavy (metal).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxebi/, [ˈxe.β̞i]
Adjective
heavy (plural heavys)
- heavy (pertaining to heavy metal)
- heavy (intense)
- (Dominican Republic, informal) cool