harm vs trauma what difference

what is difference between harm and trauma

English

Etymology

From Middle English harm, herm, from Old English hearm, from Proto-West Germanic *harm, from Proto-Germanic *harmaz (“harm; shame; pain”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /hɑɹm/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /hɑːm/
• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)m

Noun

harm (countable and uncountable, plural harms)

1. physical injury; hurt; damage

2. emotional or figurative hurt
3. detriment; misfortune.

4. That which causes injury, damage, or loss.

Usage notes

• Adjectives often applied to “harm”: bodily, physical, environmental, emotional, financial, serious, irreparable, potential, long-term, short-term, permanent, lasting, material, substantial.

Translations

Verb

harm (third-person singular simple present harms, present participle harming, simple past and past participle harmed)

1. To cause injury to another; to hurt; to cause damage to something.

Translations

Derived terms

Anagrams

• Hmar, mahr

Icelandic

Noun

harm

1. indefinite accusative singular of harmur

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhaɾˠəmˠ/

Noun

harm

1. h-prothesized form of arm

Middle English

Alternative forms

• harem, arme, herme

Etymology

From Old English hearm, from Proto-West Germanic *harm.

Noun

harm (plural harms)

1. harm, injury, ruination

Descendants

• English: harm
• Scots: herm, hairm
• Yola: harrm

References

• “harm, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *harmaz.

Noun

harm m

1. harm

Descendants

• Middle Low German: harm, herm

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈtɹɔː.mə/, /ˈtɹaʊ.mə/

Rhymes: -ɔːmə, -aʊmə

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈtɹɔ.mə/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /ˈtɹɒ.mə/
• (cot–caught merger, father–bother merger) IPA^(key): /ˈtɹɑ.mə/

Noun

trauma (countable and uncountable, plural traumas or traumata)

1. Any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.
2. An emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
3. An event that causes great distress.

Derived terms

• phonotrauma
• traumatism
• traumatise/traumatize
• trauma incidence reduction

Descendants

• → Japanese: トラウマ

Translations

References

• trauma at OneLook Dictionary Search
• trauma in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• trauma in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Murata, Tamura, matura

Catalan

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾaw.mə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾaw.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumes)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• traumatitzar

Related terms

• traumàtic

Further reading

• “trauma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “trauma” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “trauma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “trauma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τραῦμᾰ (traûma, “wound”) via German Trauma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtraʊ̯ma/

Noun

trauma n

1. trauma

Declension

Related terms

• traumatický
• traumatizovat
• traumatologie

References

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek τραῦμᾰ (traûma, “wound”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtrɑu̯.maː/
• Hyphenation: trau‧ma

Noun

trauma n (plural trauma’s or traumata, diminutive traumaatje n)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• hoofdtrauma
• traumatisch
• traumatiseren
• traumatalogie

Descendants

• → Indonesian: trauma

Finnish

Etymology

< Ancient Greek τραῦμᾰ (traûma, “wound”).

Noun

trauma

1. trauma

Declension

Anagrams

• maarut, murtaa

French

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek τραῦμᾰ (traûma, “wound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʁo.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine) trauma (a localised injury produced by an external action)
2. (psychology and psychoanalysis, elliptical use for trauma psychique) psychic trauma

Synonyms

• (psychic trauma): traumatisme psychique

Derived terms

• trauma acoustique
• trauma auditif
• trauma parodontal
• trauma psychique
• trauma sonore

References

• “trauma” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. an emotional wound
2. (medicine) trauma; serious physical injury

Related terms

• traumático
• traumatismo
• traumatizar

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch trauma, from Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtrau̯ma]
• Hyphenation: trau‧ma

Noun

trauma (first-person possessive traumaku, second-person possessive traumamu, third-person possessive traumanya)

1. trauma:
   1. an event that causes great distress.
   2. (psychology, psychiatry) an emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
   3. (surgery) any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.

      Synonym: rudapaksa

Related terms

Further reading

• “trauma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Noun

trauma (plural traumas)

1. trauma

Related terms

• traumatic

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtraw.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumi)

1. trauma

Anagrams

• matura, murata, rumata

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtræʉ̯.mɑ/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n (definite singular traumaet, indefinite plural trauma, definite plural traumaa)

1. alternative form of traume

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²træʉ̯.mɑ/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n

1. definite plural of traume

Polish

Etymology

From English trauma, from Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtraw.ma/

Noun

trauma f

1. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: uraz

2. (psychology) trauma (emotional wound)

Declension

Related terms

• (verb) traumatyzować
• (nouns) traumatyk, traumatyzm, traumatyzacja, traumatolog, traumatologia
• (adjectives) traumatyczny, traumatologiczny

Further reading

• trauma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• trauma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -awmɐ

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. trauma (emotional wound)
2. trauma (event that causes great distress)
3. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: traumatismo

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /trǎuma/
• Hyphenation: tra‧u‧ma

Noun

tràuma f (Cyrillic spelling тра̀ума)

1. trauma

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɾauma/, [ˈt̪ɾau̯.ma]
• Hyphenation: trau‧ma

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine, psychology) trauma
2. injury; harm

Derived terms

• antitrauma
• traumatizar
• traumático
• traumatizante
• traumado

Anagrams

• mutara
• mutará

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